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UN
Program on Global Climate Change
During the
80's the scientific facts, confirming an opportunity of global climate
changes, have resulted in growth wary in society. A number of international
conferences, organized at the governmental level, adduced to the
conclusion of the global agreement on problems of the climate change.
By the answer of general UN assembly establishment in 1990 of Intergovernmental
committee on realization of negotiations was organized the Framework
Convention on climate change. The committee has developed the project
on Framework Convention and has accepted it on May 9, 1992 in office
of UN in New York. The convention was open for signing on the world
meeting on the highest level in Rio de Janeiro on June 1992. During
the meeting it was signed by the 154 countries, and also by EC.
The convention has come into force on March 21, 1994. Azerbaijan
Republic has signed the Convention on June 1992 , has ratified it
on January 1995 , and on May 1995 has become the Member of the Convention.
On April 1997 President's decree, the State Commission on Climate
Change has been created. Ratified by Milli Medjlis Kioto- protocol
is authorized by the President of Republic on July 18, 2000 as ¹
912-IQ. First steps in resolving problems, connected to the obligations
of Azerbaijan Republic, are preparation of " First National
report on Climate Change " consisting of periodic bulletins.
For reviewing possible climatic changes on the territory of Azerbaijan
a results of scientific researches of a number of meteorological
stations (for 100 years) have been used.
Results of trend analysis shows, that for the last 100 years air
temperature in Baku increased on 08.8oC, Zakatala- 0.7 oC, Nakhchivan-
0.9 oC , Cuba 1.3 oC, Shamaxa- 1.1 oC, Salyan- 0.7 oC , Tbilisi-
0.8 oC , Kazbegi- 0.6 oC. During 1960-1990 on the whole territory
of Azerbaijan the level of warming has made 0.3-0.60 oC and reduction
of quantity of running deposits for the same period maked up to
18 percents. The changes of climatic conditions on seasons and on
regions are different. Research of climatic changes on the territory
of Azerbaijan brings the following conclusions:
1. In the winter significant warming appears and the warmest months
are December and January (average 0.4-1.2 oC above the norm).
2. In the spring time is cold, and relatively "cold" month
is May (average 0.9 oC downturn, maximum cold is observed in Altagache-3.33
oC)
3. In the summer the change of temperature is different: in June
and July there are downturn temperatures (on the average 0.2-1.4
oC), and in August the temperature significantly increases (0.6-4.23
oC)
4. In autumn warming appears in mountains, and valley regions of
the country (0.11-2.19 oC)
In four published bulletins, devoted to the various questions of
the given problem, the reason and the consequences of climate change
in region have been observed. The ways of participation of Azerbaijan
in prevention of climate change in the country are also considered.
It was found, that in 1990 common emissions of Green-house gases
in Azerbaijan were 44.2 mln tons and from which 98 % was for CO2.
From common emissions 48 % is necessary on fuel and energy branches,
6%-industries, 5%-transport, 9%-wood and agriculture, 4%-household,
31%-other branches of economy. In 1990 woods of Azerbaijan absorbed
total of 3.3 mln tons of CO or about 7 % total emissions. Green-house
gases emissions on soil makes 6, 2 tons. For comparison, this figure
in Portugal is 4.3, in France 6.5, In Japan of 9.5 tons.
Contacts: Dr
Mirzakhan Masimov
State Meteorological Committee
Azerbaijan Republic
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